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commento allo standard dello shiba

( II commento è tratto dal manuale tecnico dello Shiba edito in Giappone )

Lo Shiba è un piccolo cane con forte ossatura. La sua utilizzazione originale era la caccia effettuata nelle zone montuose, ricche di vegetazione sottoboschiva. La sua funzione era quella di trovare la selvaggina e quindi di farla " alzare " o fuggire verso il cacciatore. Per far ciò doveva essere piccolo, per infilarsi in ogni cespuglio, ma anche robusto e battagliero in caso di incontro con prede aggressive e pericolose. Lo Shiba non è velocissimo, ma resistente e tenace ; pur essendo capace di spiccare balzi altissimi e di raggiungere velocità impressionanti per brevissimi tratti. Da questi presupposti lo standard dello Shiba descrive un cane robusto, piccolo, estremamente fiero, vivacissimo, sempre vigile e fedele all'uomo. La sua muscolatura deve essere ben sviluppata e la sua ossatura potente. L'unico carattere di eleganza è il movimento rapido e scattante. Lo Shiba è un cane la cui lunghezza deve essere il 10% in più dell'altezza per cui è inscritto in un rettangolo. Lo standard non cita nessun altra possibilità e la considera proporzione importante. Il carattere dello Shiba è estremamente forte e fiero. La sua attenzione è continua ed è estremamente vigile. E' naturale una sua diffidenza nei confronti degli sconosciuti, in particolare nei maschi, i quali hanno una spiccata e naturale tendenza a difendere il loro territorio ed in particolare se stessi dagli estranei: animali, persone o cose non ha molta importanza. Se quindi incontriamo uno Shiba che ci guarda fisso mentre tentiamo di accarezzarlo e, caso mai, fa due passi indietro, non sta dimostrando timidezza, ma è opportuno evitare di toccarlo, la reazione potrebbe essere piuttosto aggressiva e violenta. Uno Shiba che fugge a testa bassa senza reazioni per eccesso di timidezza, è gravemente penalizzabile e comunque non dovrebbe essere utilizzato in riproduzione.

TESTA
La testa dello Shiba è costituita da un insieme di triangoli piuttosto appuntiti, dove è espressa tutta la fierezza di questo piccolo grande cane. La fronte è piuttosto larga e leggermente arrotondata, le guance sono molto pronunciate, la larghezza del cranio dovrebbe essere circa 56-58 % della lunghezza complessiva della testa, gli assi cranio- facciali sono paralleli. Lo stop deve essere definito ma non eccessivamente accentuato con solco mediano visibile chiaramente, ma senza assolutamente formare rughe.

La canna nasale è diritta, il muso è spesso, ma non troppo e termina decisamente a punta. Il muso è circa il 40 % della lunghezza totale della testa. Le labbra sono sottili, aderenti e ben serrate con ben visibile il pigmento che deve essere rigorosamente nero su tutta la sua superficie. Il mento è forte ed i denti sono grossi e forti, non visibili a bocca chiusa, ma appena nascosti dalle labbra. La chiusura è a forbice.

Considerando la dentatura, lo standard non la prevede completa anzi, alla sezione "difetti” precisa che solo la mancanza di numerosi denti costituisce difetto. Questa anomalia, infatti è assai più frequente della precedente.. Lo standard antecedente il 1992 prevedeva la tolleranza fino a cinque denti mancanti, attualmente è sparito il numero, sostituito dalla parola " numerosi " .Viene prevista quindi la mancanza, ma lascia una certa libertà al giudice. Esempio: Un cane mancante di sei denti con il precedente standard doveva venire penalizzato anche se costruito perfettamente ed estremamente tipico , Attualmente sarà il giudice a decidere penalizzare i denti o premiare la correttezza e tipicità del soggetto..
Gli occhi sono scurissimi con rima palpebrale rigorosamente nera. Mediamente piccoli, ben distanziati, a forma nettamente triangolare. Gli angoli esterni sono rivolti verso l’alto a formare una linea immaginaria che si prolunga fino a toccare esattamente la parte più bassa dell’attaccatura dell’orecchio. La forma triangolare è data da una piccola piega posizionata sotto il sopracciglio che viene cosi messo in rilievo, normalmente il pelo di questo punto è leggermente più chiaro o più scuro a seconda del mantello del cane. Tale forma dell'occhio contribuisce a donare la particolare e caratteristica espressione che contraddistingue lo Shiba.

Le orecchie sono piccole, spesse e pelose, di forma triangolare, inclinate in avanti seguendo la curvatura del collo. Devono essere fermamente diritte, puntate in avanti, con attaccatura alta e laterali al cranio. Lo spazio della fronte deve essere ampio e ben visibile tra le orecchie.

DIFETTI COMUNEMENTE RISCONTRABILI A CARICO DELLA TESTA SONO:

Cranio stretto, fronte troppo tonda o troppo piatta, assi cranio- facciali tendenti alla divergenza o convergenti (più raro). Stop eccessivamente accentuato o inesistente, mancanza di solco mediano, presenza di rughe sulla fronte, pelle eccessivamente lassa. Muso troppo lungo o leggero, muso troppo spesso o non a punta, labbra pesanti. Occhio troppo piccolo, non triangolare ( normalmente in occhi troppo a mandorla o tondi ) troppo ravvicinato, angolo esterno con la linea di continuazione fuori dalla base dell’orecchio (troppo alta o troppo bassa) . Orecchie grandi, troppo poco pelose o sottili, non inclinate in avanti o troppo ravvicinate , punte troppo rivolte all’esterno del cranio (tipo Malamute) , troppo appuntite.

DIFETTO DA SQUALIFICA ORECCHIE NON DIRITTE
TRONCO

La struttura dello Shiba evidenzia tutta la potenza e animosità di questo piccolo cane.
Il collo è grande, forte e robusto fortemente muscoloso, ben proporzionato alla testa e al tronco con attaccature pulite, ed impercettibili, la pelle è morbida, il pelo è foltissimo, spesso e uniforme, il sottopelo è spesso ed estremamente denso (è quasi impossibile toccare la pelle o vederla anche aprendolo in superficie) e contribuisce a dare maestosità alla testa. Questa conformazione risulta assolutamente indispensabile per affrontare le insidie e gli attacchi eventuali di animali anche di molto più grossi e potenti che proprio per il particolare tipo di pelo e struttura del collo non potevano danneggiarlo.
Il dorso è dritto, largo e forte, unito uniformemente al collo. Le costole sono molto cerchiate pur non essendo a botte.
Il Torace è largo profondo e ben disceso, il manubrio dello sterno è ben rilevato. La larghezza del torace misurata tra le spalle è circa il 36- 38 % dell'altezza al garrese..
I Lombi sono larghi e muscolosi, relativamente corti.
La groppa larga e forte, poco inclinata, il ventre teso e leggermente sollevato. La larghezza tra le tuberosità ischiatiche è circa il 28-30 % dell'altezza al garrese..
La lunghezza del corpo dalla punta della spalla alla punta della natica ( tuberosità ischiatiche ) è il 10 % in più dell'altezza al garrese ( 100-110 ).
L'altezza dal gomito al garrese varia tra il 45- 50% dell'altezza del garrese a terra.
Il tronco dello Shiba si presenta quindi come un cilindro piuttosto grosso ed allungato.
La coda è attaccata alta, grossa e fortemente arricciata con uno o più giri oppure alta e curvata a falce. La punta della coda completamente distesa deve raggiungere il garretto.

ARTI

Gli arti sono grossi e robusti atti a sostenere una struttura così piccola, ma imponente.
La spalla è moderatamente obliqua, il braccio poco inclinato, i gomiti aderenti. Gli angoli sono piuttosto aperti. Il metacarpo è lungo e robusto, ma piuttosto flesso. Viste dal davanti le zampe anteriori sono diritte.
Il posteriore deve evidenziare muscoli durissimi e ben rilevati sotto il pelo.
La coscia è lunga larga e robusta, la gamba corta e forte, i garretti ben rilevati robusti e lunghi. L'angolazione posteriore è da poco a mediamente accentuata (angoli mediamente aperti).
I piedi sono leggermente ovali con cuscinetti spessi e duri, dita fortemente serrate e ben arcuate, unghie durissime preferibilmente scure.

CODA

La coda deve essere attaccata alta, completamente srotolata deve essere lunga almeno fino ai garretti, portata fortemente arrotolata sul dorso e formante uno o più giri, oppure portata alta a forma di falce più o meno ricadente sul dorso o sul fianco, (può essere anche completamente alta e aperta). La coda deve essere decisamente grossa e fortemente pelosa dall’attaccatura alla punta, il pelo è più lungo rispetto a tutte le altre parti del corpo ed è dritto e duro a formare una cresta rigida e gonfia che sovrasta e copre la groppa, i lombi ..
DIFETTI COMUNEMENTE RISCONTRABILI A CARICO DEL TRONCO ARTI E CODA SONO:
Collo lungo e delicato, gracile, elegante, attacchi troppo netti e visibili, forte giogaia, pelo e sottopelo poco folto o troppo lungo, sporgente o cadente, non uniforme.
Dorso insellato o carpato, troppo corto, troppo lungo,
Torace stretto, poco sceso, poco profondo, costole a botte, piatte e schiacciate, manubrio dello sterno piatto o rientrante.
Lombi e groppa strettì, groppa troppo corta, troppo o troppo poco inclinata . Muscoli non tonici.
Arti gracili o piccoli, troppo corti o troppo lunghi, metacarpi eccessivamente rigidi o troppo flessi. Garretti poco rilevati, coscia corta, gamba lunga, piedi ‘ da gatto ’, dita non serrate, cuscinetti flaccidi, mancanza di tonicità muscolare..
Coda attaccata bassa, piccola, poco pelosa o con pelo ricadente.

DIFETTO DA SQUALIFICA: CODA CORTA

MOVIMENTO

Il movimento dello Shiba è un trotto elastico e scattante, non è troppo allungato, ma sufficientemente rapido esalta la potente muscolatura di cui è dotato. Normalmente il trotto si svolge con un naturale e ampio basculamento dell'anteriore ad arto rigido e buona spinta del posteriore, le linee di copertura sono parallele e tendono leggermente a chiudere soprattutto sul posteriore aumentando la velocità, ma non devono mai essere in single-trake.

DIFETTI COMUNEMENTE RISCONTRABILI A CARICO DEL MOVIMENTO SONO:
Movimento troppo fluido ( generalmente per arti troppo lunghi e/o angolati ), ambio, incrocio, arti non rigidi e quindi trotto non saltellato e scattante, mancanza totale dì spinta posteriore o anteriore, single- trake, mancanza totale di velocità ( in genere per eccesso di compattezza o angoli eccessivamente aperti, spesso in abbinamento) , garretti troppo ravvicinati (vaccini ), gomiti aperti..

MANTELLO
Il mantello è costituito da un pelo di guardia leggermente più duro del sottopelo (molto più duro nei maschi), diritto e spesso, il sottopelo è soffice, morbido, denso e lungo quanto il pelo di guardia tranne che sulla coda dove però deve essere ritto e duro tale da formare una vera e propria cresta molto grossa ed imponente quando la coda è ben arrotolata. In tutte le altre parti del corpo il pelo di guardia NON DEVE sporgere oltre il sottopelo in quanto la pelliccia dello Shiba è corta ed uniforme e non nasconde né la muscolatura né i profili dell'animale.

DIFETTI COMUNEMENTE RISCONTRABILI A CARICO DEL MANTELLO SONO:
Pelo lungo e molle, pelo troppo ispido o pelo dì guardia sporgente nelle parti non ammesse, mancanza di sottopelo o sottopelo non sufficientemente folto da nascondere il pelo di guardia, pelo corto e molle, collo o coda con poco pelo o sottopelo.
Il pelo è componente essenziale di tipo per lo Shiba, perciò non si dovrebbe mai presentare in esposizione il cane in muta.

COLORI
I colori attualmente citati dallo standard sono solo più cinque: rosso, sesamo, sesamo nero rosso sesamo e nero focato. Non sono più ammessi i colori che erano normali in precedenza e cioè : grigio, nero uniforme, rosso bianco pezzato, tigrato, bianco. Ovviamente continueranno ad esserci Shiba con siffatti colori per un po' di tempo, ma non dovranno essere più considerati eccellenti in esposizione né utilizzati in riproduzione.
Il rosso è considerato come fulvo più o meno intenso, più è scuro meglio è, non è penalizzato il rosso chiar fintanto che non arriva al giallastro o al panna, non deve comunque essere marrone.
Il sesamo ha sempre come base il rosso, ma normalmente è un rosso quasi senape o mattone chiaro più o meno intensi con le punte del pelo di guardia nere e bianche diffuse su tutta la superficie del corpo ( sesamo ) o solo nere (sesamo nero).
II rosso sesamo è invece un rosso normale ( con tutte le possibili gradazioni ) con peli di guardia neri più o meno diffusi, spesso sono evidenti solo sul dorso e parte superiore della coda.
Nessun colore ammette macchie nere uniformi e nessun colore ammette macchie bianche sulle parti superiori del corpo . Il nero è considerato esclusivamente come nero focato, con delimitazione delle focature marroni sufficientemente scure ( possibilmente non giallastre ) disposte esattamente nelle stesse parti dell’urajiro dal quale però si devono evidenziare nel modo più netto possibile.
L'urajiro come definisce lo standard è la presenza di macchie bianche o biancastre sui lati del muso, guance, parte inferiore delle mascelle, collo, torace, ventre, parte inferiore della coda ed interno delle zampe. Tale macchiatura deve essere presente anche sui neri focati e distinguersi chiaramente dalle focature.
Sono normali in tutti i colori le zampe parzialmente bianche.
L'urajiro è caratteristica fondamentale di tipo ed è gravemente
penalizzabile la mancanza.
QUALUNQUE COLORE AL DI FUORI DI QUELLI INDICATI RAPPRESENTA DIFETTO

TAGLIA

Per la taglia anche qui la variazione rispetto allo standard precedente è netta e chiara, vengono infatti stabiliti chiaramente i limiti minimi e massimi tollerabili definendo così la precisa dimensione di questo piccolo cane.
Sono così esclusi tassativamente i giganti ( spesso leggeri ) permessi dal vecchio standard.
Massima 41,5 cm. Massima 38,5 cm.
MASCHI Ideale 40 cm. FEMMINE Ideale 37 cm.
Minima 38,5 cm Minima 36,5 cm.

CONSIDERAZIONI FINALI
Lo Shiba ideale è quindi un piccolo cane fortemente costruito, muscoloso e robusto, imponente e ben bilanciato, rettangolare, fiero ed ardito, fedele e battagliero nel frattempo : uno Shiba non è un giocattolo grazioso o un peluche o un docile segugio, è un cane che deve esprimere in tutto il suo essere : forza, dignità e potenza racchiuse nella piccola taglia..
E' infatti GRAVEMENTE penalizzarle la timidezza (INTESA COME FUGA INCONDIZIONATA) .
Gravemente penalizzabile anche la mancanza di caratteristiche sessuali ben definite, queste ultime, infatti, non sono difficili da riscontrarsi, soprattutto nella mascolinità femminile poiché tutte le caratteristiche indicate precedentemente ( forza, dignità, robustezza ) devono essere applicate anche alle femmine che si distinguono essenzialmente dalla taglia più piccola, da una maggiore dolcezza dell'espressione e dalla testa con maggiore cesello e tratti leggermente più fini ed eleganti.

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The Shiba Inu is the smallest Japanese native dog

The Shiba Inu is the smallest Japanese native dog. It has a very thick weather proof coat that needs thorough brushing a couple of times a week. This dog's skin is sensitive and allergy-prone. Flea collars and neglecting the coat are not recommended.

It's very important to brush a dog with a double coat.

Mats can develop that harbor fungus and create infection. If the mats develop to the point that the dog needs shaving, it can create problems for the dog. Its seasonal growth cycle is disturbed.

It will have problems regulating its temperature; it can get windburn or sunburn, and shaving severely alters the color and texture of the coat.

Shaving also leaves its skin itchy and irritated because dead hair shafts are left behind.

Brushing:

. Removes dirt and debris
. Invigorates skin
. Spreads oils to moisturize skin and keep a shiny coat
. Prevents mats and tangles which are irritating painful and can harbor bacteria, fungus, other infection
. Keeps your house cleaner especially during shedding seasons
. Bonding, massaging, loving interaction
. Early detection of fleas, ticks, eczema, infection and smells that may notify you of sickness

Tools: Firm bristled brush, rake, comb

Brush your Shiba Inu a few times a week with a firm bristle brush and comb down to the skin once a week. Use the rake to pull out undercoat.

Line brushing will be necessary on your full-coated Shiba. This consists of holding hair up and out of the way and then brushing/detangling a small amount of hair, a line or row, at a time, from underneath.

Always work from the inside out on a coat and from the bottom to the top of the hair.

Brace the skin of your dog with one hand while working on knots.

Eyes: Check your dog's eyes daily.

Debris is flushed to the corners of the eyes and daily wiping with a wet cloth or paper towel can prevent the build up of bacteria.

Ears: Check ears once a week.

Your dogs ears should be pink and healthy inside. If not, don't do anything to them until you see a vet. Keeping your dogs' ears clean minimizes odour, removes dirt, bacteria and mites trapped in wax. Never use a cotton swab on the inner ear.

Trim the insides of your Shiba's ears.

Tools: cotton wool balls or soft cloth and ear solution.

There are solutions made specifically for dogs but substitutes include: hydrogen peroxide, alcohol, mineral oil, witch hazel, and tea tree oil.

Place a few drops of ear solution in ear and rub and massage to loosen wax. Swab out with cotton wool balls or cloth.

Teeth: Regularly.

80% of 3 year old dogs have periodontal disease. Cavities and gum disease are painful for your dog; they diminish its pleasure and ability to eat. Bacteria that develops can infect the heart, kidney, liver and brain. Really bad breath is usually a sign of gum disease.

Tools: Toothbrush/finger cap/cloth, doggie toothpaste, tooth scraper.

Never use human toothpaste. It is not edible.

Starting your dog out with this practice can be tricky. Reward them constantly no matter what their behavior so they begin to enjoy grooming.

Start off by getting it used to its mouth being handled.

Progress to touching the teeth with your finger.

Get some meat-flavoured toothpaste and apply with your finger.

Then introduce the brush. Clean a few teeth at a time and soon you will have a routine that takes just minutes.

Brush in a circular motion and get under the gum line.

If you don't want to brush everyday, use a tooth scraper once or twice a month to get rid of the build up of plaque. It accumulates mostly on the outside of the teeth and on the back molars. This won't be much fun for your or your dog though.

Lots of bones and hard, crunchy foods can minimize plaque but not to a truly effective degree.

Nails: Every two weeks.

Nails that aren't trimmed can splinter and infect the quick or grow and curl into the flesh. This can be painful for your dog to walk on. It will affect its gait, posture, and eventually it's skeletal and ligament health. Nails should never touch the ground. When your dog is standing its nails should rest above the ground. If you hear clicking on the kitchen floor, clipping is overdue.

Tools: Doggie Nail Clippers (Scissors, pliers, guillotine), Dremel or file, Styptic or Kwikstop.

Introducing your dog to nail clipping should start off by getting it used to its paws being handled. Stroke and touch your dog's paws whenever you are giving it affection.

Getting it used to the Dremel is your best bet to avoid clipping altogether.

Sit beside your dog and put your arm around its shoulders if you can so that you are clipping from underneath and at the right angle.

Lift the paw and press on it to expose the claw.

If it has a clear nail you should be able to see the quick: a dark bundle of nerves and blood vessels. Clip from underneath close to the quick but do not cut into it. If you do, your dog will soon let you know. Use Styptic pencil or Kwikstop to staunch the bleeding.

Buff the ragged edge with a file or Dremel.

If it has a dark nail, clip just under the curve of the nail and then you will be able to look inside and see the quick if you look close enough. Clip using tiny snips at a time.

Don't forget to check for dewclaws: an extra claw dogs may have farther up on the leg that works like a thumb. It is better to clip your dog's nails frequently as this encourages the quick to recede farther away from the tip.

Paws: Check daily/Trim every two weeks.

It is very important to Check between your dogs pads for foreign objects that may have wedged there and check the pads themselves for cuts, scrapes and infection.

Tools: Small, blunt scissors, slicker brush.

The Shiba Inu has hair that grows between its pads, traditionally insulating its feet. This hair can mat and trap bacteria as well as becoming painful to walk on.

Trim hair around the paws to keep them clean. Only do this when the dog is standing on the paw.

Then, Push the feathers growing on top of the foot down through the toes and trim to pad level.

Lift the paw and from the back, brush out the hair and trim to pad level.

Push feathers back up through the toes and trim from the top.

Hygienic trimming: 2 to 4 weeks.

Tools: Blunt-nosed scissors, Thinning shears, Electric clippers

Thinning, trimming and clipping at the ear opening, base of the tail, around the anus and privates keeps your dog feeling better as well as keeping it and your house cleaner.

Expressing Glands: Every 2 to 4 weeks

This is a task normally done when you take your dog in for professional grooming. You can do this yourself.

Your dog uses scent glands in the anus to mark its territory. These glands also excrete when your dog defecates. At times, they may get impacted.

Signs of this include: increased doggie odour, excessive licking and chewing of the behind and worst of all, scooting. That's when your dog drags its butt along your carpet.

There is no risk of overly expressing these glands so it's best to get accustomed to doing it regularly as it will lessen dog odour.

Tools: Warm cloth

Lift the dog's tail and hold the cloth against it's behind. Place your fingers at 5 o'clock and 7 o'clock and press inward and squeeze to expel.

Bathing: As needed

Most dogs do not need regular bathing. They have an all-weather double coat and natural oils that moisturize their skin, keeping their coat glossy and resistant to dirt and water. Stripping these oils with frequent bathing dries out the skin and prevents you dog from having a healthy coat.

A rubdown with a damp towel can remove dirt and spot cleaning of the face, legs and feathers is always an option.

A bath can help to remove a large amount of shedding hair.

This dog is allergy-prone so dilute and spot test shampoos.

Tools: Non-slip mat, sprayer hose, dog shampoo, leash, towels.

Choose a place where you can block escape routes and expect 1-3 water-spraying shakes.

A leash tied to a higher point than your dog's head will keep it standing and prevent it from escaping. This is highly recommended as it's really difficult to hold a slippery dog.

Never bathe your dog in standing water and never use human shampoo.

If you plan on bathing your Shiba Inu outdoors, attach the hose to the kitchen sink for warm water.

Many grooming salons offer self-service options and offer all the amenities.

Wet your dog using your hand so as to massage and lift the hair to get to the undercoat.

Avoid getting water into the eyes, nose and ears.

Cotton wool can be stuffed into the ear canal to deter water.

Massage lather down to undercoat.

Rinse thoroughly as leftover shampoo can severely dry out and irritate your pet's skin.

Squeeze out excess water by running your hands along its body and pressing.

Dry with a towel.

This dog needs to be thoroughly dry to avoid hot spots. Regular blow-dryers can overheat the skin and rarely have enough power. A self-service grooming salon is recommended.

Ну и пока на сегодня хватит, если кто-то сможет перевести буду очень благодарна

A JOURNEY BEYOND SHIBA II


Introduction:

I wrote "A Journey Beyond Shiba" over ten years ago as an
examination of the pedigrees of some shibas imported into
the USA. I have editted and rewritten the article.

I will be starting from the earliest history of shiba inu and
trace the origin of modern shiba-inu. I have also
incorporated my articles on the lineage study in this article.

I hope this review of shiba inu history will suggest that the
intrinsic qualities of SHIBA INU, run deeply in a close inter-
relationship between the Japanese people and the Japanese
dogs. So first, let us start a ten thousand years journey back
to the future by examining the earliest history of Japanese
people.


Archeology and Anthropology:

It is an archeological fact that the human ancestors
emigrated over a vast area of land. So did the Japanese
ancestors. It seems that they emigrated from Africa to
Mainland Asia and from Siberia and China to Japan. The
first archeological evidences of human ancestor in Japan
appeared over 500,000 years ago. The stone implements
used by Homo Erectus were found in the Miyagi Prefecture.
The stone implements of Homo Sapiens Neanderthalensis
(130,000 years ago) were found in the Hyogo Prefecture.
However, it is the evidences of Homo Sapiens Sapiens (40,
000 years ago) found in many parts of Japan that begin to
have some relevance to the shiba fanciers. Those Homo
Sapiens Sapiens may be the ancestors of Joumon people (12,
000 years ago) with whom the fossil evidences of the first
dogs in Japan are found. The fossil evidences of dog found
from the Joumon period (BC 10,000 - BC 300) varies
somewhat in size. Apparently the early Joumon dogs were
small about 36cm to 41cm without stop, in another words,
relatively flat from the forehead to the bridge of nose. The
Shibaho dogs are intentionally bred by Mr. Nakajo to
recapture the image of Joumon dogs. Mr. Nakajo was one of
the founders of Nippo but later split from Nippo and
founded Shibainu Hozonkai (Shibaho). As you can see from
the attached photo, Shibaho shibas have slight stop and a
slim body. The fossils of dogs found later in the Joumon
period are larger at 46cm to 50cm with moderate stop. In
1998, Dr. Nishimoto restored a Joumon dog from 3,000
years old fossils and found that the dog was 40cm high and
had similar characteristics to the present day shibas.


A Shibaho shiba

Just before the turn of the first millennium, it is estimated
that some several hundred thousand people from the Korean
Peninsula came to southern Japan during a few hundred-
year period. They brought with them the technology of
growing rice and most naturally some dogs. (Yayoi period is
approx. BC 300 - AD 300) Dr. Miyazaki of Museum of Yayoi
Culture in Osaka restored Yayoi dogs and found them to be
medium size dogs. There must have been frequent mixing of
blood between the indigenous Joumon dogs and the Yayoi
dogs.

Several centuries of the tumulus period (approx. AD 300 -
AD 600) that followed was a period of great cultural
development in Japan. Among the earthen dolls called "
Haniwa" found in the ancient tombs are the dolls of dogs
similar to the modern day shibas. In 1982, a group of
Nagoya University and Gifu University researchers carried
out gene analysis of Japanese dogs and found that they are
genetically distinct from the Western dogs. Some had a
great genetic similarity to the Jindo dogs from the Southern
Korean Island.


Haniwa Doll Pariah

Pariah dogs existed in a wide area of the Southeast Asia, the
Mainland Asia and even the North Africa in the pre-historic
ages. Pariah dogs seem to be the root of Dingos in Australia
and dogs of Sumatra and other indigenous dogs of Southeast
Asia. The general consensus on the root of Japanese dogs
seems to be that they immigrated to Japan with the people
coming from the Southern islands in the prehistoric time.
These small size dogs formed the base and later mixed with
large size dogs coming from the North (Siberia) and medium
size dogs coming from the Mainland Asia through the
Korean Peninsula. These medium size dogs may have been
the ancestors of Jindo dogs, Taiwan dogs and Ryukyu dogs.
The dogs from the Northern Asia might be the ancestors to
such modern established breeds as Alaskan Malamutes and
Siberian Huskies.


Written History:

The earliest records of small dogs similar to shibas appear
in the books written during the Heian period. (approx. AD
800 - AD 1200) Samurai ruled the period of the Kamakura
Shogunate (1190 - 1603) and use of dogs and hawks for
hunting was very popular. During the Edo period (1603 -
1866), many books on the hunting dogs were written. The
books mention small dogs similar to shibas and called them "
Taka inu" (Hawk dogs) used for hunting small animals and
birds. There are references to "Shika inu" (Deer dogs),
medium size dogs for hunting larger animals such as deer
and boars. There are some indications of planned breeding
as well.

The families of Samurai, whose duty was to maintain good
hunting dogs for the Shoguns, wrote these books. The books
were kept strictly confidential within the family and never
made public. The books were something like the standard of
hunting dogs and mention physical characteristics such as
body size, coat, tail, head etc. A book written by one Yoshida
Taemon in 1620 mentions that "sashi-o" (sickle tail) on
small, short hair dogs with stout muzzle makes best dogs for
easy training. It says that longer face dogs tend to have a
rough temperament. Nakata clan has series of several books
written by generations of Nakata families with very detailed
characteristics of good hunting dogs. Yet another book
written by Mizuno Denjiro in 1796 mentions that yellow
dogs makes best hunting dogs. It goes on to say that yellow
means the color of leaves in foliage just about to fall off a
branch.


Training a dog during Edo period

In 1687, the 5th Shogun Tsunayoshi issued a decree to
protect animals especially dogs from any kind of abuses. It
was fanatically enforced during his reign as far as to make it
a capital punishment for anyone who killed dogs. Influenced
by Buddhist teachings, the decree also prohibited raising
birds and fishes for human consumption. Tsunayoshi was
called the "Dog Lover Shogun". There is a popular
literature written by Kyokutei Bakin towards the end of
Edo period titled "Nanso Satomi Hakken Den" (A Story of
Eight Dogs from Satomi Clan of Nanso). It is a story of 15th
century warlord Satomi and a dog Yatsufusa who fell in love
with princess Fusehime. The above examples of the decree
issued by Shogun Tsunayoshi and popular literature by
Bakin indicate that dogs were a common part of life in
Japan during the Edo period.

After the fall of Tokugawa Shogunate in 1866, the new era
began in Japan with a great emphasis on modernization.
With the modernization came things western, including dogs
from Europe and other parts of the world. Although the
western type dogs call "Kara inu" were brought into Japan
from China and Korea as pets as far back as Nara and
Heian periods (about 700 AD - 1,200 AD), it was in a very
limited number and did not have any significant influence.
Western dogs were imported as hunting dog through the
trading post in Nagasaki by Dutch traders in the 18th
century. Oddly enough, Dutch physician P. F. von Siebold's
"Kari inu "(hunting dog) written in "Fauna Japonica" 150
years ago, as the indigenous dog of Japan, somewhat
resembles this western hunting dog. It was after the Meiji
Restoration (1867), the western dogs were imported in large
numbers. Within a short period of less than fifty years, cross
breeding of indigenous dogs with imported dogs widely
occurred and it was almost impossible to find indigenous
dogs in the cities by the early 1920's. It was in such
historical context, Dr. Saito and others began the movement
to preserve Japanese dogs.

We have leaped and bound the time for several millenniums
in short paragraphs. The reason for introducing the
archeological, anthropological and historical documentation
above is to give you a general knowledge of the back ground
from which the Japanese dogs originated and evolved.


An Early History of Modern Shiba:

On May 5, 1928 Dr. Hirokichi Saito and his group met to
establish Nihonken Hozonkai, (NIPPO), Association for
Preservation of the Japanese Dog. It all started when Dr.
Saito was unable to find a single indigenous dog after a long
search and realized that the Japanese dogs were in danger
of extinction. In those days, pure bred Japanese dogs were
non-existent in the cities. Early pioneers of Nippo traveled
far and wide in search of indigenous dogs in the
mountainous areas of Japan. Their intention was to preserve
the Japanese dogs as true to original form as possible by
seeking out those primitive hunting dogs still existed in the
remote areas and setting up a planned breeding program.
The academic circles supported the movement by carrying
out researches from historical,zoological, archeological and
anthropological perspectives. The first president of Nippo
was Dr. Kaburagi, a professor at the Tokyo University. In
1932, Nippo published its first newsletter and began
registering Japanese dogs. Nippo was recognized by the
Ministry of Education in 1937 and received a support of the
Japanese Government for preserving the Japanese heritage
and culture. It has since been active as the oldest and most
authoritative kennel club in Japan.

On November 6, 1932, the first Nippo Show was held in
Ginza, the central area of Tokyo. Out of eighty-one dogs
entered, only ten dogs were rated as having stock quality
and awarded "Commendation Award". Out of ten dogs,
four were Akitas, two were Hokkaidos, two were Kishus,
one was a medium size dog from Shinshu area and one was
Shiba Inu. The shiba was a red sesame male named "TAKO
". He was found in the mountainous area of the Toyama
Prefecture (Central Japan). Tako was the first shiba to be
registered by Nippo and since Tako, Nippo has maintained a
registration record of over a million and half shibas.

Dr. Saito found a red male hunting dog with sickle tail in the
deep mountains of the Gumma Prefecture in 1928. Dr. Saito
named him "JUKKOKU". Jukkoku was originally from the
other side of mountains in the Nagano Prefecture. The local
people there were calling these small hunting dogs "Shiba
Inu". There are several explanations on the origin of word "
shiba", however, from the Kanji (Japanese written
character) used for shiba-inu, I tend to think that the name
came from the fact that those hunting dogs maneuvered
through short brushes (shiba) well. Light brown dried
brushwood is generally called "shiba" and it is written with
a same Kanji for "shiba" inu. "Inu" means dog. Shiba coat
color blended well with the mountainside of Shinshu.
Jukkoku made the name "shiba inu" famous and many
fanciers visited the villages around the mountains of Nagano
to bring back "shiba inu" to the cities.

In 1933 at the 2nd Nippo Show, a male "YUWA" and a
female "YURI" from the Shimane Prefecture (San-In region
of Japan) received the Commendation Awards. They were
known as Sekishuken. At the 5th Nippo Show in 1936,
Sekishuken "ISHI GO" a red male born on November 2,
1930, registration number 170, received the Commendation
Award. Ishi was bred to "KORO" a black and tan bitch
from the mountains of Shikoku island and produced "AKA
GO, FUGOKU" on January 6, 1939. Aka Go received the
Commendation Award at the 8th Nippo Show and this
young dog was destined to be a very important stud. Aka
was bred to "HANA" from the Tottori Prefecture (San-In
region of Japan) to produce a bitch "BENIKO GO,
AKASHISOU". He was also bred to "MEIGETSU" from
the Yamanashi Prefecture (Shinshu region of Japan) to
produce a male "AKANI GO, HATAYAMASOU". Akani
and Beniko, half brother/ half sister, produced Naka Go on
April 16, 1948. Naka Go was bred to his mother Beniko Go
to produced NAKAICHI GO, AKASHISOU and from
Nakaichi Go came ICHI GO, which led to the Hakuba no
Gen line, and KOROICHI GO, which led to the Ichisuke
line, as well as BENIMARU GO, which led to Matsumaru
line. Naka Go also produced SENKOU GO, ARAKI
KENSHA, leading to Tenkou line.


Naka Go, Akashisou Ishi Go

PEDIGREE OF NAKA GO, AKASHISOU:
Red, Male, Nippo: 1216 D.O.B: Apr. 16, 1948

G.G.Sire: ISHI from SHIMANE Pref.
G.Sire: AKA GO, FUGOKU
G.G.Dam: KORO from SHIKOKU Is.
Sire: AKANI GO, HATAYAMASOU

G.Dam: MEIGETSU from YAMANASHI Pref.

G.G.Sire: ISHI from SHIMANE Pref
G.Sire: AKA GO, FUGOKU
G.G.Dam: KORO from SHIKOKU Is.
Dam: BENIKO GO, AKASHISOU

G.Dam: HANA from TOTTORI Pref.


The shibas of early Nippo period were known as Ji-inu
(local dogs). We can see in the early documents local shibas
mentioned as Shinshu shiba, San-in shiba, Mino shiba,
Kawakami shiba, Jukkoku shiba, Sekishuken, etc. There
was a movement to preserve such dogs from various
localities as separate breeds. However, war, disease and
other factors diminished the small indigenous population,
causing a lack of sufficient gene pool to continue with the
breeding program. There are still a small number of San-in
shiba breeders endeavoring to maintain this local breed of
shibas but small gene pool is making the task next to
impossible. A few remaining shibas from different localities
were bred together to enhance the inherent qualities of
shibas. The modern shiba inu is therefore a mixture of small
dogs from different localities of Japan causing a slight
variation of types.


Nippo Standard and Essence of Shiba:

On September 15, 1934, after extensive researches and
discussions, "Standard of the Japanese Dog" was drafted by
the Standards Committee led by academic group of Dr.
Kaburagi, Dr. Itagaki, Dr. Kume, Dr. Saito and others. The
Standard was to be the future guideline common to all six
breeds of the Japanese dogs. Nippo web-site mentions the
purpose of the standard as follows. "The standard is
established (by Nippo), indicating a path to follow in future
breeding programs based on intrinsic characteristics of
Japanese dogs." Intrinsic characteristics of Japanese dogs
are stated as follows. "The nature of Japanese shibas can be
expressed in three very important words KAN-I, RYOUSEI,
and SOBOKU. These qualities are basic nature inborn to all
Japanese breeds and in totality, these qualities expresses the
essential characteristics of Japanese dogs."

The Japanese Government in 1936 designated Shiba Inu as "
Indigenous Animal of Japan and Natural Cultural Heritage
". The original intention of Nippo was to preserve those
indigenous hunting dogs that lived with Japanese people for
centuries. Early Nippo members went deep into remote area
of Japan to find dogs with the characteristics as close to the
standard as possible and started planned breeding
programs. Ironically, as soon as those dogs were brought in
to cities, "domestication" process started and cultural bias
of city life overwhelmed the breeding program. As shibas
became popular, ignorant breeders began to disregard the
standard and bred dogs according to their own preferences.
Some un-informed breeders did not understand the
intention of the Nippo pioneers and began mixing shiba with
such dogs as Mikawaken (a spitz like mix breed) and
medium size Japanese dogs, claiming that they are
improving the breed. In spite of such misguided practices in
the past, shiba has endured difficult times and I hope it will
continue to exist as close to the original form as possible.
The original shibas were kept by the hunters not for their
looks but for their ability to hunt. The Standard has taken in
the characteristics of these hunting dogs into consideration.
I must agree that shibas may change with time and
environment. I also agree that present day shibas are not the
same as those original hunting dogs. Shiba fanciers world
over should keep in mind the origin and history of these
dogs when breeding. I would like to quote a paragraph
from one of the most informative books on shibas in English
"The Complete Shiba Inu" by Maureen Atkinson since it
reflects my feelings so well.

"The Shiba has been part of the Japanese culture for
centuries. The Japanese have nurtured and loved the breed.
Their devotion to their Japanese Native Dog and his
characteristics is plain for all to see. These dogs are greatly
prized and guarded. We owe it to the Japanese people to
maintain and perpetuate their vision of what a Shiba should
be. It is all too easy to wonder from the path of what is
correct and of what constitutes perfection. We have good
foundations to work on and must go forward, adhering to
what is laid down in the Standard for the Breed. The
Japanese have a saying about special relationships. They say
'our hearts touched'. When you have a Shiba your hearts
will touch forever."


Shiba Inu Bloodlines:

The characteristic of what makes a shiba, SHIBA INU, run
deeply from the past and it is silently passed on to the
future. The lineage study is important to correctly
understand the bloodline of your shibas. There is very few
information on Shiba Inu bloodlines in English. I hope the
following will shed some light on shiba inu bloodlines. Shiba
Inu as an established breed is recognized only a few decades
ago. There are wide variations of type. Problems with
dentition, structure and coat color are frequent. The
breeders abroad should carefully study the lineage and
understand the genetic problems of the shibas he/she is
working with.

When a dominant stud is produced, it is common to in-breed
or line breed enhancing his desirable traits. This is why it is
possible to talk of shiba bloodlines having distinct
characteristics of certain dominant studs. The terms, in-
breeding, line breeding and out-crossing need an
explanation. There is a scientific criterion called inbreeding
coefficient to quantitatively distinguish the degree of genetic
relationship. However, for the purpose of this article, I
would simply define in-breeding as any occurrence of same
individual in first two generations of a pedigree such as
father/daughter, and brother/sister. Line breeding is any
occurrence of same individual up to fourth generations, such
as grandfather/granddaughter and uncle/niece. I think any
relationship beyond fourth generation do not have
significant impact on traits of bloodline to merit it as line
breeding. Out-crossing is no relationship between sire and
dam. There may be objections to such simplistic definition
but for sake of this article let us go on.

Mr. Mitsuharu Kanasashi, a Nippo judge and one of the
leaders of Nippo, analyzed the winners of Saikousho (Best
Shiba Award) in the Grand Nationals and concluded that
there are four predominant bloodlines in Japan. They are
the Hakuba no Gen line, the Korotama line, the Tenkou line
and the Matsumaru line. Several decades have passed since
Mr. Kanasashi made his analysis and I am sure there are
more new bloodlines established now. However, the basis of
all new bloodlines is found in the four predominant
bloodlines mentioned by Mr. Kanasashi.

The Gen line:

If I was asked to name one mainstream bloodline of Shiba
Inu in Japan, I must say that it is "the Gen line".


HAKUBA NO GEN Go, ROUKAKUSOU

The Gen line originates from a stud named Hakuba no Gen
Go, Roukakusou. The lineage of Hakuba no Gen is traced
back to NAKA GO as follows;

HAKUBA NO GEN- Kojiro-Sumimaru-Ichi-Naka Ichi-
NAKA GO

Hakuba no Gen is a product of father/daughter inbreeding
of Kojiro. Mr. Kanasashi says that most impressive
characteristic of Hakuba no Gen was his hair quality and
coat color. He said each string of hair, when inspected
closely, was indicative of the purity of bloodline. Hakuba no
Gen had a very good movement, well developed back skull,
tight muzzle and nicely shaped eyes but his body structure
and dentition had much to be desired. These characteristics
of Hakuba no Gen, both good and bad, has been carried on
even to the current Gen line shibas.

From Hakuba no Gen came Azumi no Hana. Azumi no Hana
produced many important studs such as Sakushugen, and
Masakado. This is why old timers sometimes call the Gen
line, "the Hana line".

A very significant mating took place in 1983, when
Sakushugen was out crossed to a black and tan daughter of
Kotetsu Go, Koutokusou, producing Tetsugen, the sire of
Tekka no Gen.

Tekka no Gen has a special place in the Gen line, and, in
fact, offspring of this magnificent stud have created a
dynasty of winning shibas. From Tekka no Gen came
Koutetsu Go, Yaguri Kusunoki Kensha, the sire of Kouryu
Go, Shimakazesou. Koutetsu Go and Kouryu Go are father
and son winning pair of the Nippo Grand National Show
back to back in 1993 and 1994. A list of winners in Japan
from this line is too long to mention. I had a daughter of
Kouryu, Shimakazesou named Tamasakurahime, Shikaisou.
Tamasakurahime is the grandmother of my stud Kazakoshi
no Sakura-ou. So the Gen line is an important part of my
shibas.

What interest me most about Koutetsu Go is that his dam is
a daughter of Kyushu no Tetsuyuki Go, Kyushu Eto Kensha
who is a grandson of Kotetsu Go from Tenkou line. Also his
grandmother is a daughter of Sumeranishiki Go from
Matsumaru line. Kouryu's dam is a daughter of Tekka no
Gen and a product of a close line breeding. This pedigree
seems to prove my point about the success of Gen line
resulting from a skillful blending of other lines yet
maintaining the characteristics of Gen line by in-breeding.
It is an intentional mixture of intricate out-crossing and line
breedings that goes back for five to six generations.

Judge Araki made following critique of Kouryu in 1994
when he won the Prime Ministers Award (Best in Show) "
Kouryu has a wonderful facial expression, full cheeks
balancing well with excellent shaped ears. Thick, round
muzzle is perfectly matching with well-developed forehead.
Top line of the back is straight and strength is expressed all
the way to the tip of thick round tail. Body is well balanced
with all four legs having correct angles. Kouryu expressed
Kan-I and Soboku qualities in the ring with full of dignity."


Tekka no Gen Go, Sanuki Mizumotosou Kouryu Go, Shimakazesou

PEDIGREE OF KOURYU GO, SHIMAKAZESOU
Red Male, Nippo 4-10150, DOB: Feb. 15,1992

G.G.SIRE: TETSUGEN Go, BICHU EIKANSO
G.SIRE: TEKKA NO GEN Go, SANUKI MIZUMOTOSO
G.G.DAM: SUZUKAHIME of TAKAMATSU MORITA
SIRE: KOUTETSU of YAGURI KUSUNOKI KENSHA
G.G.SIRE: KYUSHU NO TETSUYUKI of KYUSHU ETO KENSHA
G.DAM: KOUZANHIME of YAGURI KUSUNOKI KENSHA
G.G.DAM: NISHIKIHIME of SHIKOKU IRIFUNESO

G.G.SIRE: TETSUGEN of BICHU EIKANSOU
G.SIRE: TEKKA NO GEN of SANUKI MIZUMOTOSOU
G.G.DAM: SUZUKAHIME of TAKAMATSU MORITA
DAM: HIJIRI NO SUZUMI of SHODOSHIMASOU
G.G.SIRE: WAKAKOMA of YOSHU NANKAISOU
G.DAM: KAZUKI of SANUKI MIZUMOTOSOU
G.G.DAM: AZUSA TSUKIHIME of SANUKI MIZUMOTOSO


Another shiba that represents Gen line is Chisato Go,
Sanuki Mizumotosou. She is from a breeding between
grandson and granddaughter of Tetsugen. Chisato's sire
Koutaro of Kannabi Kensha is one of the sons of Tekka no
Gen. I owned a daughter of Koutaro, named Narumi Go,
Fuji Hachimansou. She was a beauty, winning several
Nippo Merit Awards.

Following is the critique of Chisato by Judge Morito. "
Chisato's facial expression is one of refinement and
strength. Ears are standing firmly and they are leaning at a
good angle. Eyes are shaped well with good color. Muzzle is
bit too thick for female but nicely round and firm. Body is
well balanced with excellent quality coat. Chisato has sharp
and keen senses, quick and nimble movements and above all
she was perfectly calm in the ring."


My concern about the off spring of Tekka no Gen is that
because this family of shibas has a very flashy showy quality,
some of them tend to lack a sober Soboku beauty desired in
all Japanese breeds. Color of some shibas from this line
might be considered too light and they tend to get white on
face much earlier than some other lines of shibas. This is
unfortunate because old records show that Hakuba no Gen
had a Soboku quality and one of desirable characteristics of
the Gen line is good color and good quality of coat. I feel
strongly that Soboku quality, "refined simplicity and sober
elegance" is a very important part of shiba inu. Also, some
of the Gen line shibas tend to have high ear placement. It
may be my personal preference but I like to see a good ear
pitch on a shiba. These facts should be carefully considered
when working with the Tekka no Gen/Tetsugen line.

To review the flow of bloodline, Kouryu Go goes back to
Hakuba no Gen as follows:

KOURYU - Koutetsu-Tekka no Gen-Tetsugen-Sakushugen-
Azumi no Hana -HAKUBA NO GEN


I wish to go back a few generations and review another flow
of the Gen line out of Masakado, another son of Azumi no
Hana. Masakado, bred to a bitch closely related to Kotetsu
Go, Koutokusou, produced Yoshikado Go. Yoshikado
produced Kadotsukasa and, Musashi no Shishi. Konishiki,
a grandson of Musashi no Shishi, is credited with starting
Mr. Watanabe's black and tan line from Koban Go.
Kurokinju Go, Hamamatsu Shunjuusou, a son of Koban,
won Best Opposite Sex at the 94th Grand National.

A note worthy thing about the pedigree of Koban, is that the
sire is a result of half brother/ half sister line breeding of
Konishiki while the dam is an out cross from the Kotetsu
bloodline. In discussing the Gen line, the name of Kotetsu
Go, Koutokusou appears again and again. It must be that
there is an excellent compatibility of the Gen line and the
Kotetsu line. Kotetsu Go, Koutokusou, a Tenkou line, is one
of the most significant black and tan stud and two times
Nippo Grand National winner at the 73rd and the 78th
show.

Mr. Watanabe is my good friend. I bred my foundation
bitch, Kuroyuume Go, Yokohama Atsumi to the son of
Koban, Ryusei Go, Musashi Jinpuusou, and produced
Tenkuu Ryokuryume, Yokohama Atsumi, Tenkuu
Ryokuryume is the grandmother of my black and tan stud
Kazakoshi no Koryu, Yokohama Atsumi. This black and tan
line is another important part of my shibas.


Kurokinju Go, Hamamatsu Shunjuusou

A flow of bloodline from Hakuba no Gen to Kurokinju is as
follows:

KUROKINJU - Koban - |Kotaro - Konishiki - Ishi -
Musashi no Shishi - Yoshikado - Masakado - Azumi no Hana
- HAKUBA NO GEN


The Korotama line:

What I call the Ichisuke line is better known in Japan as the
Korotama line because the dam of Ichisuke is a daughter of
Korotama. Ichisuke's manifested desirable characteristics
are basically from Korotama.
Korotama is distinct from the others in that his root
originates in the shibas of Shikoku Islands. His dam Mari
came from the mountains of Shikoku. His sire Korokoma is
from the Kouchi-Mutsu line of shibas (from the Shikoku).
Korotama was a black and white dog (not black and tan) but
his other qualities overwhelmed his coat color defects and
were widely used as a stud. Korotama made a great impact
on main stream shibas from the Shinshu region. Some
noteworthy characteristics of this bloodline are beautiful
bright red coat, strong expression of deep-set eyes and above
all, intelligent and calm temperament. This line, as with all
the other bloodlines, has its own short falls. I believe there
are rooms to be improved on front and rear structures in
this bloodline. Dentition is also a problem with some closely
line bred off spring.


Ichisuke Go, Inoguchi

The lineage from Naka Go to Ichisuke is as follows:

NAKA GO - Nakaichi - Koroichi - Koro Ichi-Koronaka(b/t)
- Koroou - Momoichi - Ichiou - Ichioumaru - ICHISUKE.

Ichisuke bred two well-known studs, Hachisuke Go and
Kiyoichi Go. From Hachisuke came Jouji Go, Fussaen. Jouji
won 1st place Seiken Class twice at the G. National Shows
and produced many well-known studs. Beniryu Go,
Yamanashi Andousou is by far the most famous son of Jouji.
Beniryu Go is a winner of the Best Shiba Award at the 82nd
Nippo Grand National (1985). Beniryu bred Dairyu Go,
Honjo Arakisou, the Best Opposite Sex Shiba at the 86th
Grand National (1989) and Teraobana Go. Kyoto Terao, the
Best Shiba at the 89th Grand National (1992). One of my
foundation bitch Yuukihime Go, Tokyo Akatsukisou, is a
daughter of Beniryu Go. Yuukihime has produced many
wonderful shibas for me including Kuroyuume Go,
Yokohama Atsumi.


Beniryu Go Teraobana Go

Personally, I think Teraobana Go, Kyoto Terao, a daughter
of Beniryu, is one of the most beautiful female shiba I have
seen. She is the reason for me to look for direct offspring of
Beniryu as my foundation stocks. Judge Morikawa's
critique on Teraobana says, "Perfectly calm, very feminine
expression with Soboku quality. Well balanced body. Steps
could have been lighter."

Azuma no Jou is an example of a successful blending of
Ichisuke line with Gen line. His sire Jouichi of Tokyo
Akatsukisou is out of grandfather/ granddaughter breeding
of Jouji. Jouichi's dam is a full sister of my foundation dam
Yuukihime Go, Tokyo Akatsukisou. Dam of Azuma no Jou
is from son of Tetsugen and daughter of Dairyu.


Azuma no Jou Go Toyonishiki Go

Judge Sato's critique on Azuma no Jou is as follows. "He has
exceptionally sharp and keen senses, having massive dignity
for a shiba. Ears are standing proudly, adding quality and
refinement to the expression. Deep, strong eyes with good
color. Coat is excellent. Muzzle could be stronger."

From Kiyoichi, another son of Ichisuke, came a line of
winning shibas of Toyonishiki. The pedigree of Toyonishiki
shows that he is not closely line bred to his paternal
bloodline and his relation to Ichisuke is not very strong.
However, he has retained many of the superior
characteristics of this bloodline. Toyonishiki has done well
as a stud and bred such well-known dogs as Daikokunishiki
and Iwashiro no Toyonishiki. My stud Fuku no Wakaichiro,
Oyama Watanabesou, is line bred to Iwashiro no
Toyonishiki.

ICHISUKE-Kiyoichi-Takeichi-Tenryu Ichi-Takiryu-
Takimitsu-Fukuryu-TOYONISHIKI


The influence of parentage on a dog beyond fourth
generation may be negligible. However, I believe the
breeders of the dogs mentioned above have consciously used
inbreeding and line-breeding techniques to maintain the
characteristics which are considered superior in this
bloodline.


TOYONISHIKI of Toyohashi Onoda,
Nippo 2-34915, D.O.B. Sep. 18, '90

G.G.Sire: Takiryu of Shinshu Takeiso
G.Sire: Takimitsu of Noto Sekidoso
G.G.Dam: Kosode of Kaga Sekidoso
Sire: Fukuryu of Enshu Kinryuso Nippo 60-39238
G.G.Sire: Benimidori of Enshu Miyamaso
G.Dam: Fukuhime of Enshu Kinryuso
G.G.Dam: Fukume of Bushu Koujinso

G.G.Sire: Shinshu Benimidori of Suzuranso
G.Sire: Shinshu Terumidori of Suzuranso
G.G.Dam: Suzumidori of Suzuranso
Dam: Hama no Toyohime of Toyohashi OnodaNippo 62-
44838
G.G.Sire: Gakuryu of Muji Yamadaso
G.Dam: Benihime of Toyohashi Onoda
G.G.Dam: Benisuzuhime of Tetsuzanso



Tetsu-Arashi Go, Honjou Arakisou

I wish to introduce Tetsu Arashi Go, Honjo Arakiso as one
of important Beniryu line stud. He won 1st place Souken,
Sect. A Calss, at the G. National. His son, Tetsunishiki was
the Prime Minister's Award winner at the 100th Nippo
Grand National. The off spring of Tetsunishiki is doing very
well at the shows. The lineage of Tetsu Arashi is as follows.

ICHISUKE-Hachisuke-Jouji-Beniryu-Beni Ichi-Ichi Tetsu-
TETSU ARASHI

I fell in love with this stud and bred my Kuroyuume to
produce Tenkuu no Tetsu, Yokohama Atsumi among others.
I hope to carry on this valuable bloodline nurtured by
generations of breeders trying to maintain the superior
characteristics of the Ichisuke line.


The Matsumaru Line:

Matsumaru line has played a very important part in the
history of modern shibas, not as a most successful bloodline
but as a compatible out-cross for Gen line and Ichisuke line.
Breeders of the major bloodlines often used Matsumaru line
bitches to improve body structure and color. Bitches out of
Hidemidori Go, Noto Sekidousou, are known to have been
frequently used by Mr. Mizumoto, one of the successful Gen
line breeders. I would describe Matsumaru Go as a red
sesame dog having sharp spirited boldness. Current studs of
Matsumaru line have good size head with good ear pitch and
strong body. Matsumaru's spirited temperament a strong
Kan-I quality continues in this bloodline.


Matsumaru Go

Matsumaru goes back to Naka Go on the sire side as follows:

MATSUMARU - Beniyuki - Beniryu - Benimaru - Nakaichi
- NAKA


Sumeranishiki Go, Hadano Kawaguchisou is perhaps the
most influential stud of the Matsumaru line. Sumeranishiki
is a foundation stud of Mr. Suzuki of Fujinomiya Kensha.
Sumeranishiki is closely line bred to Matsumaru on both
sire and dam sides. Sumeranishiki produced the Nippo
Grand National Show winner, Beniougi Go, Fujinomiya
Kensha. Tominishiki Go, Fugaku Sasaharasou, a son of
Sumeranishiki, is a very important stud of the Matsumaru
line.

Another line out of Matsumaru comes from his son
Tatsumaki Go, Misonosou. Mr. Nishimura of Kyoto Daigo
Kensha uses Matsumaru line extensively in his breeding
program. Riki-ou Go, Meikensou, a foundation stud of this
kennel is a great grandson of Matsuamru from his dam side.
Riki-ou's sire is Rikisakura Go, Fujinomiya Kensha.
Another one of his foundation studs, Tamana no Tetsu Go,
Sankensou is a son of Tetsu Go, Takatsuki Yadasou, an old
stud I like very much. Tetsu is a grandson of Tatsumaki.
Mr. Nishimura's foundation studs are Tenjinmaru of Kyoto
Daigo Kensha and Yamashiro no Ryuko of Kyoto Daigo
Kensha. Tenjinmaru is closely line bred to Riki-ou.
Yamashiro no Ryuko is a grandson of Tenjinmaru and line
bred to Tamana no Tetsu on both sire and dam sides.


Yamashiro no Ryuko Go Seiryu no Shou-un Go


Seiryu no Shou-un of Moriya Kosugasou,
Nippo 2-26668,

G.Sire:Sumeranishiki Go, Hadano Kawaguchisou
Sire:Tominishiki Go, Fugaku Sasaharasou
G.Dam:Yoshikikuhime Go, Oshima Yasudasou

G.Sire:Tone no Gen Go, Tone Hakusansou
Dam:Hakusan no Yoshika Go, Toride Higakisou
G.Dam:Kiyofusahime Go, Toride Shigetasou


Yamashiro no Ryuko Go, Kyoto Daigo Kensha,
Nippo 9-34194

G.Sire:Tenjinmaru of Kyoto Daigo Kensha
Sire: Ryuko of Kyoto Daigo Kensha
G.Dam Chiharu of Hakkei Mizutanisou (sire:Tamana no Tetsu)

G.Sire:Matsumaru of Kyoto Daigo Kensha(sire:Tenjinmaru)
Dam:Yuri of Kyoto Daigo Kensha
G.Dam:Tetsuyuri of Kyoto Daigo Kensha(sire Tamana no Tetsu)


I mentioned that Mr. Mizumoto used Matsumaru line in his
breeding program of Gen line. I must also mention that Mr.
Araki of Honjo Arakisou successfully used Matsumaru line
bitches, in his breeding program. Beniryu Go, Yamanashi
Andosou, was mated to Honjo Yukihime Go, Honjo
Arakisou, a Matsumaru line bitch. This pair produced the
Nippo Grand National winner, Dairyu Go, Honjo Arakisou.
Although the current Matsumaru line shibas are successful
in their own merits, I think that its value may be
appreciated more as a source of out-cross for both Gen line
and Ichisuke line.


The Tenkou line:

I understand that Tenkou's coat color was dark red and not
very good. Angles on his forelegs were not very good either.
He, however, had Kan-I a distinct expression of mental
strength. Tenkou is a grandson of Korotama from dam side
which makes this bloodline very interesting. The breeders of
other lines have often used Tenkou line as an out cross. For
example, a famous Gen line stud, Tekka no Gen of Sanuki
Mizumotosou, who started a dynasty of Grand National
winners is a son of Tetsugen, whose mother is a closely in-
bred daughter of Kotetsu Go, Koutrokusou.


Tenkou Go

Well known shibas out of Tenkou line are Kyushu no
Jakume Go, Kyushu Eto Kenhsa, the Best in Show at the
84th Grand National (1987) and two times Grand National
winner Kotestu Go, Koutokusou, the Best in Show at the
73rd Grand National and the Best Shiba at the 78th Grand
National. I have not heard much about the direct off spring
of Tenkou line recently. Unfortunately, the Tenkou line has
lost its importance as a distinct bloodline and vanished in
the shiba history.


On the future of Shiba bloodlines:

Naturally, over sixty years of the development of modern
shiba inu, there were much out-crossing between the
bloodlines and through carefully planned breeding,
desirable traits were retained, enhanced and made even
better. In-breeding and line breeding were used to magnify
and stabilize (homogenize) desirable qualities. Out-crossing
increases the gene pool and when genes were compatible, it
resulted in manifesting desirable traits of both bloodlines.

The diversity of different lines and intricate inter-
relationship of these lines have made it increasingly difficult
to classify the current shibas simply into one bloodline or
the other. Most breeders tend to drift from one champion to
the other in their breeding program, which seem to lead
them into a labyrinth of shiba breeding. Champion dogs are
not necessarily good studs and it is more important to study
compatibility of a bitch with the selected stud. I do not want
these studies of bloodlines to be just academic.

I suppose breeders of all four bloodlines endeavored to
produce "ideal" shiba but when one studies the results of
shows in Japan, it seems the breeders of Gen line were most
successful. One of the reasons for the success is a skillful
blending of other bloodlines into the base qualities of Gen
line.

I am very happy to observe that increasing number of
imports from Japan has positively contributed to the gene
pool of shibas in the US and Europe. In my opinion, the
quality of shibas abroad has improved dramatically. I must
add that it is not my intention to give an impression to the
readers that imports are superior or that Nippo pedigree
implies more than what it is worth. There are always good
imports and bad imports with or without Nippo pedigree.
Few are good producers and most are not. Therefore, it is
important to understand the standard of shiba (phenotype)
well and correctly analyze the pedigree (genotype) for
breeding better shibas. All breeders must be extra selective
and should make an in-depth research before using any
import, or any stud for that matter, since it may add genetic
variation which could adversely affect your bloodline for
many generations to come.

I have journeyed through the history of shiba inu from the
archeological time to the development of modern shiba inu
and finally to the indication for the future of shiba inu in the
bloodlines currently available for breeders world around to
work with. It is the responsibility of individual breeders to
decide the future of shiba inu. Mr. Watanabe of Sagami
Murasakisou said, " Breeders could make or break the
Breed." It is a very heavy responsibility.


Summary:

The theme I wanted to convey in this article was the
importance of maintaining the essence of shiba may it be in
the USA, Europe or anywhere in the world. D.H. Lawrence
in his "Fantasia of the Unconscious" expressed the
continuity of "blood-stream" in the following paragraph:
"And there it is a hard physiological fact. At the moment of
our conception, the father nucleus fuses with the mother
nucleus, and the wonder emanates, the new self, the new
soul, the new individual cell. But in the new individual cell
the father-germ and the mother-germ do not relinquish
their identity. There they remain still, incorporated and
never extinguished. And so, the blood-stream of race is one
stream, forever."

So, I believe, is the blood-stream of shibas, "incorporated"
from the past and "never extinguished" far into the future
as long as the essence of shibas is retained by the new
generations. It is in such never ending blood stream of a
breed called Shiba-Inu, I find the greatest fascination and
charm.

Having established the fact that the blood stream is never
ending, one must be sensible and draw a line as to how far
back we should look in to the origin of shibas. I believe the
indigenous hunting dogs with which the founding members
of Nippo established the breeding program seventy years
ago should be regarded as the origin of Modern Shiba Inu.

Any pure breeds do change with time and environment as
well as changes in what is fashionable at the time. However,
as long as the shiba inu fanciers around the world retain a
firm guideline to which we can go back to as a root, there
will be a continuation of shibas as a pure breed for many
years. My contention is that we should seek the root of
modern shibas in the indigenous hunting dogs of the early
Nippo days since the Standard was made according to the
result of extensive researches of these dogs. The photos of
Ishi Go and Naka Go, seem to me have Kan-i and Soboku
qualities and we are told that these dogs had Ryousei quality
as well. The ideal shibas, the total shibas and the complete
shibas are all in the Standard of Shiba Inu as established by
the pioneers of Nippo.

I welcome any questions or comments from the readers and
together I hope we shall continue the never-ending journey
of producing the "ideal" shiba.

Если есть интерес, то можно переводить совместно. Есть такой сайт: http://translated.by/. Там общие проекты могут переводить и редактировать несколько человек. Например, я первый английский текст туда выложила, но он закрыт для публичного перевода, только для "своих". Могу переводить по частям прямо там или где получится и туда перевод (по абзацам) выкладывать. Кто хочет и имеет возможность, может подключиться. Как зарегитесь, пишите мне, я вас подключу к переводу.
Я там MarinaLu.

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Если у Вас там ник как на форуме, то я Вас нашла и подключила к переводу.

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Dos lecturas del Shiba Inu
por Dr. Elettra Grassi
El Shiba Inu, sin duda, es una raza reciente en la historia de las exposiciones en Europa. Lo que causó el buen juicio de esta raza hasta la fecha, es la sólida tradición de una buena escuela para los jueces y la capacidad para interpretar el Estandard también por analogía con similares, así como, al final, la excelente capacidad de importación y raza demostrada por los amantes y los criaderos de esta antigua raza japonesa. La antigua tradición japonesa de juzgar al Shiba Inu es probablemente más instructivo. En este sentido reporto dos formas de expresar la opinión en el ring.

El Sr. Saito, a la pregunta planteada, ¿cuáles son los caracteres tipo en el que un juez debe centrar la atención y cuáles son discriminatorias para ejecutar un buen juicio de los perros?, contestó que la importancia en el shiba es el absoluto equilibrio de las características para impresionar a un juez.

En aquel entonces, el concepto expresado en el artículo anterior "Zibaldone en Shiba" de Elettra Grassi, publicado en el boletín de CIRN (CLUB ITALIANO RAZZE NORDICHE) nr32, destacaba cómo el Shiba es una raza cuyas dificultades de cría se encuentra en el mantenimiento de las características de forma armoniosa, en un promedio armónico en su expresión, sin que ninguno de ellos jamás sea predominante o peor, excesivo, haciendo la morfología pesada y empalagosa.

Esto, continúa el Sr. Saito, debe dar el perro dos elementos importantes para toda la raza nipona: distinción, el orgullo y sobretodo dignidad. La morfología en el shiba unidas al temperamento debe expresar absolutamente estas tres cualidades.

El Sr. Kume, estudioso de la raza, en su comentario al estándar, da estas indicaciones, expresada en forma analítica: cualidades esenciales y su expresión 15%; el equilibrio general de la figura 10%; cráneo, la cara y el cuello 15%; orejas 8%, ojos 4%; patas delanteras y pecho 10%; traseras 10%; tronco 10%; espalda y grupa 8%; cola 5%; textura del pelo y manto 5%.

Y para detectar incluso el concepto de equilibrio de los caracteres: solo un 25% del juicio pesa en este sentido sobre la evaluación del sujeto. Ahora, es evidente que esta lectura del estándar siempre es una indicación al objetivo que es valorar el mejor sujeto, el que tiene la mejor expresión de tipicidad.

Estos valores se refieren a la intensidad de la expresión del carácter: eso es porque el carácter se desvía de la expresión ideal; he aquí entonces el real balance del juicio del sujeto según estos parámetros. A modo de ejemplo, se describen dos ejemplos: uno que se refiere a un caso en que un tipo de carácter es completamente ausente, y una que muestra la evaluación de caracteres de acuerdo al rango que acabamos de exponer. Empecemos con el primer ejemplo. En la valoración de los carácteres, Mr. Kume atribuye a la cola el 5%. El estándar dispone claramente la descalificación del juicio por cola corta y pendiente.





Las dos posiciones, por una lectura superficial y errada, parecerían no coincidir; ¿como podría un carácter cuyo valor máximo es el 5% determinar la exclusión del juicio?

Sencillamente los valores dados por el comentario al estándar del Sr. Kume indican el valor a atribuir a aquel carácter sobre la valoración total del sujeto dentro del rango de tipicidad. Pero para poder hacer una valoración del carácter, el carácter mismo tiene que estar expresado. Y es evidente que una cola corta y pendiente es la falta total de un carácter tipo (si se trata de una postura normal), por lo tanto el estándar impone precisamente la exclusión del sujeto del juicio. Y éste está perfectamente en línea con las indicaciones de Mr Kume,en cuanto no estando presente, el carácter no es de hecho expresado,luego no es valorable.
Pero cuidado: si la cola estuviera solo parcialmente correctos, entrarían en el rango de evaluación del caracter. Otro cosa sería el caso donde el perro por lo general lleva una cola correcta y la baje por factores ambientales (estrés, componente psicológico, etc.) Es evidente que el sujeto no está comprendido en el citado caso de exclusión del juicio.

источник http://mishibainu.es/main.php?id=104

Добрый день!

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